本文我们尝试使用docker搭建 eos2.0.* 测试网络，通过区块链网络练习如何编译和运行EOS智能合约，并测试交易。

EOS核心组件

EOS区块链开发主要应用到以下的组件：

  • nodeos：块生成器守护程序。
  • keosd：钱包守护进程，存储私钥。
  • eosio-cpp：智能合约编译器。
  • eosio.token：平台的参考标记。
  • cleos：用于与EOS区块链远程交互的CLI。
  • scatter：为本地Testnet配置的EOS钱包。

测试网络运行环境

  • Ubuntu Linux
  • docker/docker-compose

创建docker和docker-compose

dockerfile

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FROM ubuntu:18.04

RUN apt-get update && apt-get install -y curl wget libicu60 libusb-1.0-0 libcurl3-gnutls
#######

#区块链
RUN wget https://github.com/eosio/eos/releases/download/v2.0.3/eosio_2.0.3-1-ubuntu-18.04_amd64.deb
RUN apt install ./eosio_2.0.3-1-ubuntu-18.04_amd64.deb

#合约开发工具
RUN wget https://github.com/EOSIO/eosio.cdt/releases/download/v1.7.0/eosio.cdt_1.7.0-1-ubuntu-18.04_amd64.deb
RUN apt install ./eosio.cdt_1.7.0-1-ubuntu-18.04_amd64.deb


RUN wget https://github.com/EOSIO/eosio.cdt/archive/v1.7.0.tar.gz 
RUN tar -xvzf v1.7.0.tar.gz --one-top-level=eosio.cdt --strip-components 1
 
RUN wget https://github.com/EOSIO/eosio.contracts/archive/v1.9.1.tar.gz 
RUN tar -xvzf v1.9.1.tar.gz --one-top-level=eosio.contracts --strip-components 1

docker-compose.yml

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version: '3'

services:
  mongo-db:
    image: mongo:latest
    container_name: mongo-db 
    ports:
      - 27017:27017
    environment:
      TZ: Asia/Shanghai
      MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_USERNAME: admin
      MONGO_INITDB_ROOT_PASSWORD: admin@123
    volumes:
      - /Users/zgq/docker/volumes/mongo/db:/data/db 
    logging:
      driver: "json-file"
      options:
        max-size: "200k"
        max-file: "10"

  mongo-express:
    image: mongo-express:latest
    container_name: mongo-express 
    links:
      - mongo-db:mongodb
    depends_on:
      - mongo-db
    ports:
      - 27018:8081
    environment:
      ME_CONFIG_OPTIONS_EDITORTHEME: 3024-night
      ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_SERVER: mongodb
      ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_ADMINUSERNAME: admin
      ME_CONFIG_MONGODB_ADMINPASSWORD: admin@123
      ME_CONFIG_BASICAUTH_USERNAME: admin
      ME_CONFIG_BASICAUTH_PASSWORD: admin@123 

  keosd:
    container_name: keosd
    hostname: keosd
    image: zgq/eos
    command: keosd --http-server-address=0.0.0.0:8901 --http-validate-host 0 --verbose-http-errors --unlock-timeout=9999999
    volumes:
      - /Users/zgq/docker/volumes/eos/eosio-wallet:/root/eosio-wallet
    expose:
      - 8901
    ports:
      - '8901:8901'
  nodeos:
    container_name: nodeos
    image: zgq/eos
    command: nodeos -e -p eosio --plugin eosio::producer_plugin --plugin eosio::history_plugin --plugin eosio::chain_api_plugin --plugin eosio::history_api_plugin --plugin eosio::http_plugin --http-server-address=0.0.0.0:8888 --access-control-allow-origin=* --contracts-console --http-validate-host=false --filter-on="*"
    stop_grace_period: 3m0s
    volumes:
      - /Users/zgq/docker/volumes/eos/contract:/eosio.contracts/contract 
      - /Users/zgq/docker/volumes/eos/config:/root/.local/share/eosio/nodeos/config
    ports:
      - '8888:8888'
      - '9830:9876'
    depends_on:
      - keosd
      - mongo-db

启动区块链

在宿主机终端运行

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docker-compose up

可以看到运行结果

nodeos效果
可以看到网络正在生成区块

接着我们在宿主机执行以下命令查看区块链信息

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alias cleos="docker exec -it nodeos cleos --url http://127.0.0.1:8888 --wallet-url http://keosd:8901"

cleos get info

cleos

我们可见此时的区块高度是1008

创建钱包、钥匙、房子（账户）

钱包就像是房东，房东可以有很多的房子和各种开门的钥匙。如果厦门市是一个区块链节点，厦门市有很多房东，因此所以一个节点可以创建多个钱包。
钥匙分为私钥和公钥，公钥是别人可以看到的，你拿到公钥也打不开房子。你得拿到钱包里的私钥才可以打开房子。房东可以把很多的房子配成一样的锁，用一对公钥/私钥来开门，也可以不同的房子不同的钥匙。
一个账户可以有两把钥匙对：owner和active。owner地址实际上对应了公钥，用它对应的私钥可以打开房子，这个钱包不能给账户主人之外的任何人；
active钥匙对为外人的钥匙对，表示外人可以使用active的私钥打开账户；

首先我们需要创建两对钥匙

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cleos create key --to-console

结果如下：

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#key1
cleos create key --to-console
Private key: 5KUUc1wsZuDiZSKjhVRH3iMz82A2bg58v2stzzyYzZWWeFhKp2H
Public key: EOS66dDgbVGgtvGJ4W42igj45od75Bmbj6P1hJtwm6gKb5WEKtU3a
#key2
cleos create key --to-console
Private key: 5J3CA2Y57zkU6U4UPWgKJfgwA4eMs7gvGrLz8nxk5U7xtpFXb9a
Public key: EOS6raVF1gmpf6y6Qpm2Gtmn3LZyXf69oHiiGtv421sb9b68cDpqG

默认情况下测试网络有一个账户eosio，他的密钥是
eosio public key: EOS6MRyAjQq8ud7hVNYcfnVPJqcVpscN5So8BhtHuGYqET5GDW5CV
eosio private key: 5KQwrPbwdL6PhXujxW37FSSQZ1JiwsST4cqQzDeyXtP79zkvFD3

接着我们创建一个钱包（默认钱包名是default）

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cleos wallet create --to-console
``` 
反馈
```text
Creating wallet: default
Save password to use in the future to unlock this wallet.
Without password imported keys will not be retrievable.
"PW5HtRdnY9BtKPWWiYiE5xQfeMhtJxJjHzF8uAFv13u6WBiRiSDut"

接着将钥匙放到钱包里面

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#导入eosio密钥
cleos wallet import  --private-key  5KQwrPbwdL6PhXujxW37FSSQZ1JiwsST4cqQzDeyXtP79zkvFD3
#导入其他新创建的密钥
cleos wallet import  --private-key  5KUUc1wsZuDiZSKjhVRH3iMz82A2bg58v2stzzyYzZWWeFhKp2H
cleos wallet import  --private-key  5J3CA2Y57zkU6U4UPWgKJfgwA4eMs7gvGrLz8nxk5U7xtpFXb9a

查看钱包和钥匙

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cleos wallet list

cleos wallet keys

接着我们创建eosio.token帐户

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cleos create account eosio eosio.token EOS66dDgbVGgtvGJ4W42igj45od75Bmbj6P1hJtwm6gKb5WEKtU3a EOS6raVF1gmpf6y6Qpm2Gtmn3LZyXf69oHiiGtv421sb9b68cDpqG

出现错误

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Error 3090003: provided keys, permissions, and delays do not satisfy declared authorizations

那是因为测试网络只能用这个账户：

eosio public key: EOS6MRyAjQq8ud7hVNYcfnVPJqcVpscN5So8BhtHuGYqET5GDW5CV
eosio private key: 5KQwrPbwdL6PhXujxW37FSSQZ1JiwsST4cqQzDeyXtP79zkvFD3

因此我们需要执行：

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cleos wallet import --private-key 5KQwrPbwdL6PhXujxW37FSSQZ1JiwsST4cqQzDeyXtP79zkvFD3

再次创建账户

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cleos create account eosio eosio.token EOS66dDgbVGgtvGJ4W42igj45od75Bmbj6P1hJtwm6gKb5WEKtU3a EOS6raVF1gmpf6y6Qpm2Gtmn3LZyXf69oHiiGtv421sb9b68cDpqG

执行成功提示信息：

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executed transaction: 428069546e69d7dd6f3783f5ae4cc0777d7f50235c459c8272e18e93f7c9c0f0  200 bytes  13443 us
#         eosio <= eosio::newaccount            "0000000000ea305500a6823403ea3055010000000100029f406256fc1e646cce646ac2628ccf1380323a678baf49a26378a...
warning: transaction executed locally, but may not be confirmed by the network yet

部署智能合约（eosio.token）

首先我们编译智能合约

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docker exec -it nodeos bash -c "cd /eosio.contracts/contracts/ && eosio-cpp -I eosio.token/include/ -abigen -o eosio.token/src/eosio.token.wasm eosio.token/src/eosio.token.cpp"

接着安装

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cleos set contract eosio.token /eosio.contracts/contracts/eosio.token/src eosio.token.wasm eosio.token.abi -p eosio.token@active

执行成功提示：

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Reading WASM from /eosio.contracts/contracts/eosio.token/src/eosio.token.wasm...
Publishing contract...
executed transaction: 83c00e45780cc0df88a8b2eb3bde16575a963f30754aeac59179eaae6d89070a  6984 bytes  18008 us
#         eosio <= eosio::setcode               {"account":"eosio.token","vmtype":0,"vmversion":0,"code":"0061736d0100000001a0011b60000060017e006002...
#         eosio <= eosio::setabi                {"account":"eosio.token","abi":"0e656f73696f3a3a6162692f312e310008076163636f756e7400010762616c616e63...
warning: transaction executed locally, but may not be confirmed by the network yet         ]

创建2个测试账户

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cleos create account eosio zgq EOS66dDgbVGgtvGJ4W42igj45od75Bmbj6P1hJtwm6gKb5WEKtU3a EOS6raVF1gmpf6y6Qpm2Gtmn3LZyXf69oHiiGtv421sb9b68cDpqG

cleos create account eosio zgq2 EOS66dDgbVGgtvGJ4W42igj45od75Bmbj6P1hJtwm6gKb5WEKtU3a EOS6raVF1gmpf6y6Qpm2Gtmn3LZyXf69oHiiGtv421sb9b68cDpqG

创建成功提示

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executed transaction: d131dda4fb48281ffd5e16f45f9ca030a619e57aee7a1b69d345345106ce8158  200 bytes  626 us
#         eosio <= eosio::newaccount            {"creator":"eosio","name":"zgq","owner":{"threshold":1,"keys":[{"key":"EOS66dDgbVGgtvGJ4W42igj45od75...
warning: transaction executed locally, but may not be confirmed by the network yet         ]

给eosio一些钱

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cleos push action eosio.token create '[ "eosio", "1000000000.0000 EOS"]' -p eosio.token@active  

cleos push action eosio.token issue '["eosio", "1000000000.0000 EOS", "m"]' -p eosio

查看余额

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cleos get currency balance eosio.token eosio
100000.0000 EOS

查看账户余额

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cleos get currency balance eosio.token zgq

这个时候zgq的账户余额还是0

执行一笔交易，将从eosio转10000.0000到zgq账户，注意小数点个数要一致

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cleos push action eosio.token transfer '["eosio","zgq","100.0000 EOS","BUY LAMBOOO!!!"]' -p eosio

查看账户余额

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cleos get currency balance eosio.token zgq
10000.0000 EOS